Roofing-tile.



Patented June 30, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P. M. VOGAN.

ROOFING TILE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1911.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAP}! CO.,W)\SHINGTDN. D. c.

imme/bow P. M. VOGAN.

ROOFING TILE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1911.

1,101,591 Patented June 30,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a V Ema/whom aw W UNFF ilk FRANK M. VOGAN, OF CANTON, OHIO.

ROOFING-TILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 36, 19141.

Application filed May 5, 1911. Serial No. 625,244.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK M. VOGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Roofing-Tile, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more specifically to roofing tile of the class and style known as Spanish roofing tile.

The objects are, first, to provide a comparatively simple and inexpensive tile of the character mentioned which permits of a number of tiles of a predetermined size to be properly assembled, to produce a roof of any desired size, second, to provide means whereby the various tiles going to make up the roof proper are joined together at their sides and ends and also means for anchoring the tiles to the roof boards or sheeting or other support or foundation of the roof in such a manner that they will not be easily detached or become loosened by the action of the elements. These objects together with other objects readily apparent to those skilled in the art, I attain by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, although my invention may be embodied in a variety of other mechanical forms, the construction illustrated being chosen by way of example.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a sheet, showing five integral tiles. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line 52-42, Fig. 1, with adjacent flanges. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3, Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a section on line 4:-4: Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section On line 5-5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective view of the corner or tile joining cleat. Fig. 7 is a detached perspective view of the ordinary cleat designed for use intermediate the joints of the tile. Fig. 8 is a view showing the top or upper portions of two sheets placed in proper relative position with their vertical edges lapped illustrating the cleat in proper position and secured, the tang of the cleat being unbent. Fig. 9 is a view showing portions of four sheets properly joined together and the exposed portion of the cleat bent into position to hold the bottom ends of the two upper sheets at their corners. Fig. 10 is a view showing portions of an upper and lower tile and the tang of the cleat bent to hold the bottom of the overlapped sheet. Fig. 11 is a section on line 88, Fig. 8. Fig. 12 is a view on line 10 10, Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a section on line 9-9, Fig. 9. Fig. 14: is an enlarged View showing a portion of the upturned flange of the sheet.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 represents a sheet of metal, which sheet is stamped by dies or otherwise to produce in the finished article the integral individual tile portions 2 which are curved substantially as illustrated in Fig. 2 whereby a single sheet is formed having as shown in Fig. 1 five individual sections giving the appear ance of five distinct tile of the Spanish type. The top or upper portion of the sheet is provided with the ribs 3, d, 5, 6 and 7 The ribs 3 are curved downward from the intersecting ribs 4 toward the bottom or lower end of the sheet. Said ribs 3 and a being near the apexes of the curved portions 2 of the sheet proper and are so curved for the purpose of providing suitable drainage for any moisture that might find its way be tween the upper surface and the lower surface of the joined portions of a lower tier and an upper tier of sheets. The ribs 5 are also curved downward or in other words, said ribs are slightly arched so as to provide proper drainage.

It is well understood that when two surfaces of metal are joined closely together, or in contact with each other there is more or less capillary attraction but by providing the ribs as just above described this capillary attraction is destroyed whereby anv moisture is free to drain away or pass from between the lapped surfaces'of the tile.

For the purpose of'preventing moisture or snow from being driven or forced upward beyond the tops of the ribs just above described the longitudinal rib 7 is formed in the sheet, the top of which rib comes in close contact with the bottom or underside of the sheet lapped upon the next lowermost sheet. By providing the curved ribs 3 and 5 any moisture that may be driven upward or water accumulating from the melting of snow will be drained or carried downward upon the top underlying portions of .the sheets or tile.

One vertical edge or end of each sheet is provided with a slightly raised integral rib S, the sides of which are downwardly inclined and from the outer side of which an integral portion of the sheet extends in an upwardly inclined position forming the more considerable elevated rib 8 from the apex of which an integral portion of the sheet extends outwardly and slightly downwardly and thence upwardly to form the raised rib 8 whence the sheet extends downwardly and terminates in the integral inclined flange 9 at the extreme edge or end of the sheet. Between the raised ribs 8 and 8 will thus be formed the prime drainage groove 8 and between the ribs 8 and 8 will be formed the secondary drainage groove 8, the bottom' of which groove is considerably elevated above the bottom of the groove 8. The opposite edge or end of the sheet is provided with the downwardly curved portion 10 which is formed integrally with the tile portion 2, said flange 10 terminates in the plain flat flange 11 adapted to lie in contact with the upper surface of the tile over and upon which it is lapped. This feature is illustrated at both ends of Fig. 2.

It will be understood that if, by reason of capillary attraction, or by force of storm, water or sleet or snow is drawn or forced between the flange 11 and the upper surface of the sheet upon which it is lapped so as to enter into the vertical joint, that said water will find its way first into themajor drainage groove 8 which is of sufiicient capacity to effectually prevent the water from finding its way farther in the joint under all ordinary circumstances, but if by anyreason it is forced farther up over the rib 8 it will be received into the groove 8. Both the grooves S and 8 being disposed in the same pitch as the pitch of the roof will have a tendency to drain water received into them downwardly, to be depositedupon the top surface of the tile in the next lower tiers. For the purpose of pro viding more immediate drainage of the groove 8 and preventing the retention therein of any considerable moisture the raised rib 8 is broken down at intervals along its length by the transversely extending drainage depressions 13 by means of which any moisture in the groove 8 will readily drain transversely and downwardly onto the upper face of' the same sheet of which the rib 8 is a part. The said depressions' 13 thus break up the rib 8 into numerous short portions presenting the ap pearance shown at 12 in Fig. 14.

For the purpose of holding or anchoring the sheets upon the roof boards or other support for the roof proper the cleats 14 and 15 are provided. The cleat 14: being adapted to be located intermediatethe ends of the sheet 1 and as many cleats employed as may be deemed necessary to properly anchor sheets and two upper sheets are lapped together, both at their vertical and horizon :tal edges or in other words at the point where the corners of four separate and distinct sheets are lapped one above the other.

In practice the cleat 15 is placed in the position illustrated in Fig. 8 and securely nailed or otherwise attached to the roofing sheets. The cleats 1a and 15 are provided with the central raised portions 16 and 17 through which raised portion, the nails or their equivalents are passed. In practice the apertures 18 should be formed when the cleats are stamped or afterward, but before the cleats are placed in position so that nails may be passed through the cleats without bending or springing the cleats out of their normal or proper shape. The cleats are provided with the outward and upward extended flanges 19 and 20, which flanges are formed of a shape to correspond substantially with the shape of the ribs and grooves in the upper faces of the tile and are so formed for the purpose of assisting in holding the sheets in proper relative position and preventing any relative movement of the cleats with reference to the sheets thereby preventing the nail aperture fromwearing away and the cleats eventually becoming' loosened.

By providing the cleats with the central raised portions 16 and 17 vertically disposed integral portions 16 and 16", 17 and 17 are formed, which vertically disposed portions strengthen the dent and add very greatly to its rigidity as will be well understood by persons skilled in sheet metal structures. The raised portions 16 and 17 being elevated above the plane of the surrounding surfaces will receive no drainage from said surfaces and whatever moisture may be drawn or forced upwardly onto said raised portions will be quickly drained therefrom so as to maintain the apertures 18 free from drainage, thus preventing leakage through said apertures, even though said apertures be not entirely closed by means ofthe nails or other means for securing the cleats in position. The purpose of providing the raised portions 16 and 17 is to provide clearance for the parts lying directly under said portion, especially the apertured ribs 6 over and upon which said cleats are adapted to be placed.

The cleats 14 and 15 are each provided with the bendable tangs 21, which bendable tangs are formed of such a length that they will extend below the bottom edges of the adjacent upper rowor tier of sheets and of 1 such a length that when two or more tiers of sheets are placed in position upon the roof boards they can be bent around and down upon the upper surfaces of the bottom or lower ends or portions of the sheets just above the tiers upon which the bottom or lower portions of the adjacent upper sheets are lapped. For the purpose of providing a close and continuous contact for the underside or surface of the lapped portion of the upper and lower tiers of sheets, the bottom or lower edges of the sheets are provided with the flanges 22, which flanges are designed to fit very closely upon the upper surface, thereby producing tight horizontal joints notwithstanding the fact that each sheet is made up of a series of integral portions representing the Spanish type of tile.

It will be understood that when horizon tal tiers or rows of sheets which are placed in proper position upon the roof boards and in position to constitute the roof proper the cleats 14 and 15 will be covered, together with the nail heads or their equivalents in securing the cleats in position except the bendable tangs 21, said bendable tangs being exposed or uncovered in order that they may be properly bent or folded over the lower edges and upon the lower surfaces of the lower edges of the overlapped sheets. It will be understood that when the sheets are placed in proper position the nails or their equivalents will be properly covered and unexposed to the elements.

The sheets going to make up the roof proper are all made of a predetermined size for a specific roof and of the same formation, so that when a series of sheets all of a predetermined size are placed in position upon the roof the finished rOOf will present an unbroken appearance and give a true and uniform design and arrangement of the individual tile portions made up in the single sheet.

For the purpose of preventing the bendable tangs 21 from breaking or cracking when they are folded down upon the sur face of the sheets as illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10, the cleats are preferably formed with the roll portion 23, which roll portion is located along the line where the tangs are adapted to be bent, which prevents said angs being bent into a sharp fold and allows the tangs 21 to lie flat and in the position illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 when said tangs are brought into their normal position. Another object in forming the roll 23 is to provide an opening as 24, by means of which capillary attract-ion is broken.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In roofing of the character specified, the combination of two sheet metal tiles each provided with lateral edges and an intermediate weather face, one edge of the first tile 1 provided with three parallel, spaced, integral, raised ribs, the first rib, next to said weather face, extending above said weather face, and the second and third ribs raised above said first rib, an integral depressed portion intermediate said first rib and second rib constituting a prime drainage groove, and an integral depressed portion between the second and third ribs constituting a secondary drainage groove elevated above said prime drainage groove, said second and third ribs being continuous from end to end, said first rib being interrupted and formed into numerous short port-ions by a plurality of integral drainage depressions extending from the bottom of the prime drainage groove to the adjacent weather face of the tile, and one of the lateral edges of the second tile overlying the ribbed and grooved edge of the first tile,

said overlying edge engaging the second and third continuous ribs and the spaced short portions of the first rib of the first tile and extending into contact with the adjacent weather face of the same.

2. In roofing of the character specified, the combination of two sheet metal tiles and a sheet metal attaching cleat, one of said tiles arranged above the other and both provided with top and bottom edges and intermediate weather faces, the top edge of the lower tile provided with a transverse course of raised and depressed portions, the general plane of said course lying above the plane of the weather face of said tile, said raised and depressed portions constituting attaching ribs in high relief and stop ribs and drainage grooves flanking said attaching ribs, the bottom edge of the upper tile overlying the upper edge and transverse course of the lower tile, the extreme bottom edge of said upper tile being provided with a marginal portion adapted to engage the weather face of said lower tile, and said cleat provided with a main body portion applied to and snugly overlying said attaching rib, lateral flange portions formed integrally with said body portion and snugly conforming to the said flanking ribs and grooves, said cleat also provided at its bot tom end with an integral portion underlying said marginal portion at the lower edge of said upper tile and with a bendable tang adapted to be bent down upon the top surface of said marginal portion, and an int-egral roll portion formed intermediate said underlying portion and said tang portion and adapted to control the line of bending when said tang is bent down upon said marginal portion, said roll, when said tang is so bent down, producing a capillary-attractionbreaking opening beyond the extreme marginal edge of said marginal portion.

3. For roofing tile of the character described a holding and anchoring cleat formed of sheet metal and provided with a have hereunto subscribed my name in the bendable tang, said tang provided With a presence of two Witnesses.

r011 portion along the line of bending, said T r011 portion, When said tang is bent, adapt- FRANK VOGA1\" 5 ed to provide an opening whereby capil- Witnesses:

lary attraction is interrupted. SYLVIA BORON, In testimony that I claim the above, I F. W. BOND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained'for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

1 Washington, D. 0. 

